配置好hive，第一次使用时，可能会出现以下错误：
这是由于没有初始化数据库，生成元数据。
需要执行以下指令(在hive的bin目录下执行)
#./schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql
最后一个参数为hive存放元数据所使用的数据库，我用的是mysql。如果使用derby，将最后的参数改为derby就可以了。
在使用hive1.x时不记得遇到过，在配置2.1.0时出现。
启动报错如下：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:591) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.beginStart(SessionState.java:531) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:705) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:641) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136) Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.registerAllFunctionsOnce(Hive.java:226) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.<init>(Hive.java:366) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.create(Hive.java:310) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getInternal(Hive.java:290) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.get(Hive.java:266) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:558) ... 9 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1654) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.<init>(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:80) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:130) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:101) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:3367) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3406) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3386) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getAllFunctions(Hive.java:3640) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.reloadFunctions(Hive.java:236) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.registerAllFunctionsOnce(Hive.java:221) ... 14 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1652) ... 23 more Caused by: MetaException(message:Version information not found in metastore. ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.checkSchema(ObjectStore.java:7753) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.verifySchema(ObjectStore.java:7731) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:101)
报错Caused by: MetaException(message:Version information not found in metastore.，配置Mysql存储元数据信息，需要在hive-site.xml中，新增或修改配置，具体配置如下：
<property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> </property>
配置文件hive-site.xml主要内容如下：
<configuration> <!-- Hive产生的元数据存放位置--> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value> </property> <!--- 使用本地服务连接Hive,默认为true--> <property> <name>hive.metastore.local</name> <value>true</value> </property> <!-- 数据库连接JDBC的URL地址--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> #<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> <value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?useSSL=false</value> </property> <!-- 数据库连接driver，即MySQL驱动--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <!-- MySQL数据库用户名--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <!-- MySQL数据库密码--> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>123456</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll</name> <value>true</value> </property> </configuration>
<property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?useSSL=false</value> </property>
原文链接: https://www.yukx.com/bigdata/article/details/1458.html 优科学习网Hive常见异常及解决方法
